sorting

Sort data in a range or table

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Sorting data is an integral part of data analysis. You might want to put a list of names in alphabetical order, compile a list of product inventory levels from highest to lowest, or order rows by colors or icons. Sorting data helps you quickly visualize and understand your data better, organize and find the data that you want, and ultimately make more effective decisions.
 Note   To find the top or bottom values in a range of cells or table, such as top 10 grades or bottom 5 sales amounts, use AutoFilter or conditional formatting. For more information, see Filter data in a range or table and Add, change, or clear conditional formats.

What do you want to do?

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• Learn about sorting
• Sort text
• Sort numbers
• Sort dates or times
• Sort by cell color, font color, or icon
• Sort by a custom list
• Sort by a partial value in a column
• Sort rows
• Sort by more than column or row
• Sort one column in a range of cells without affecting the others
• Learn more about general issues with sorting

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Learn about sorting

You can sort data by text (A to Z or Z to A), numbers (smallest to largest or largest to smallest), and dates and times (oldest to newest and newest to oldest) in one or more columns. You can also sort by a custom list (such as Large, Medium, and Small) or by format, including cell color, font color, or icon set. Most sort operations are column sorts, but you can also sort by rows.
Sort criteria are saved with the workbook so that you can reapply the sort each time that you open the workbook for an Excel table, but not for a range of cells. If you want to save sort criteria so that you can periodically reapply a sort when you open a workbook, then it's a good idea to use a table. This is especially important for multicolumn sorts or for sorts that take a long time to create.
When you reapply a sort, different results appear for the following reasons:

• Data has been added, modified, or deleted to the range of cells or table column.
• Values returned by a formula have changed and the worksheet has been recalculated.

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Sort text

1. Select a column of alphanumeric data in a range of cells, or make sure that the active cell is in a table column containing alphanumeric data.
2. On the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, do one of the following:
• To sort in ascending alphanumeric order, click Sort A to Z.
• To sort in descending alphanumeric order, click Sort Z to A.
3. Optionally, you can do a case-sensitive sort.

How to sort by case-sensitivity

1. On the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Sort.

2. In the Sort dialog box, click Options.
3. In the Sort Options dialog box, select Case sensitive.
4. Click OK twice.

4. To reapply a sort after you change the data, click a cell in the range or table, and then on the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Reapply.

Issue: Check that all data is stored as text    If the column that you want to sort contains numbers stored as numbers and numbers stored as text, then you need to format them all as text. If you do not, the numbers stored as numbers are sorted before the numbers stored as text. To format all of the selected data as text, on the Home tab, in the Font group, click the Format Cell Font button, click the Number tab, and then under Category, click Text.
Issue: Remove any leading spaces     In some cases, data imported from another application might have leading spaces inserted before data. Remove the leading spaces before sorting the data.
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Sort numbers

1. Select a column of numeric data in a range of cells, or make sure that the active cell is in a table column containing numeric data.
2. On the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, do one of the following:
• To sort from low numbers to high numbers, click Sort Smallest to Largest.
• To sort from high numbers to low numbers, click Sort Largest to Smallest.

Issue: Check that all numbers are stored as numbers    If the results are not what you expected, the column might contain numbers stored as text and not as numbers. For example, negative numbers imported from some accounting systems or a number entered with a leading ' (apostrophe) are stored as text. For more information, see Convert numbers stored as text to numbers.
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Sort dates or times

1. Select a column of dates or times in a range of cells, or make sure that the active cell is in a table column containing dates or times.
2. Select a column of dates or times in a range of cells or table.
3. On the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, do one of the following:
• To sort from an earlier to a later date or time, click Sort Oldest to Newest.
• To sort from a later to an earlier date or time, click Sort Newest to Oldest.
4. To reapply a sort after you change the data, click a cell in the range or table, and then on the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Reapply.

Issue: Check that dates and times are stored as dates or times     If the results are not what you expected, the column might contain dates or times stored as text and not as dates or times. For Excel to sort dates and times correctly, all dates and times in a column must be stored as a date or time serial number. If Excel cannot recognize a value as a date or time, the date or time is stored as text. For more information, see Convert dates stored as text to dates.
 Note    If you want to sort by days of the week, format the cells to show the day of the week. If you want to sort by the day of the week regardless of the date, convert them to text by using the TEXT function. However, the TEXT function returns a text value, and so the sort operation would be based on alphanumeric data. For more information, see Show dates as days of the week.
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Sort by cell color, font color, or icon

If you have manually or conditionally formatted a range of cells or table column, by cell color or font color, you can also sort by these colors. You can also sort by an icon set created through a conditional format.

1. Select a column of data in a range of cells, or make sure that the active cell is in a table column.
2. On the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Sort.

The Sort dialog box is displayed.

3. Under Column, in the Sort by box, select the column that you want to sort.
4. Under Sort On, select the type of sort. Do one of the following:
• To sort by cell color, select Cell Color.
• To sort by font color, select Font Color.
• To sort by an icon set, select Cell Icon.
5. Under Order, click the arrow next to the button, and then, depending on the type of format, select a cell color, font color, or cell icon.
6. Under Order, select how you want to sort. Do one of the following:
• To move the cell color, font color, or icon to the top or left, select On Top for a column sort, and On Left for a row sort.
• To move the cell color, font color, or icon to the bottom or right, select On Bottom for a column sort, and On Right for a row sort.

 Note   There is no default cell color, font color, or icon sort order. You must define the order that you want for each sort operation.

7. To specify the next cell color, font color, or icon to sort by, click Add Level, and then repeat steps three through five.

Make sure that you select the same column in the Then by box and that you make the same selection under Order.

Keep repeating for each additional cell color, font color, or icon that you want included in the sort.

8. To reapply a sort after you change the data, click a cell in the range or table, and then on the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Reapply.

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Sort by a custom list

You can use a custom list to sort in a user-defined order. Excel provides built-in, day-of-the-week and month-of-the year custom lists, and you can also create your own custom list.

1. Optionally, create the custom list.

How to create a custom list

1. In a range of cells, enter the values that you want to sort by, in the order that you want them, from top to bottom. For example:

	A
1	High
2	Medium
3	Low

2. Select the range that you just typed. In the example above, you would select cells A1:A3.
3. Click the Microsoft Office Button , click Excel Options, click the Popular category, and then under Top options for working with Excel, click Edit Custom Lists.
4. In the Custom Lists dialog box, click Import, and then click OK twice.

 Notes 

• You can only create a custom list based on a value (text, number, and date or time). You cannot create a custom list based on a format (cell color, font color, and icon).
• The maximum length for a custom list is 255 characters, and the first character must not begin with a number.

2. Select a column of data in a range of cells, or make sure that the active cell is in a table column.
3. On the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Sort.

The Sort dialog box is displayed.

4. Under Column, in the Sort by or Then by box, select the column that you want to sort by a custom list.
5. Under Order, select Custom List.
6. In the Custom Lists dialog box, select the list that you want. In the preceding example, you would click High, Medium, Low.
7. Click OK.
8. To reapply a sort after you change the data, click a cell in the range or table, and then on the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Reapply.

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Sort rows

1. Select a row of data in a range of cells, or make sure that the active cell is in a table column.
2. On the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Sort.

The Sort dialog box is displayed.

3. Click Options.
4. In the Sort Options dialog box, under Orientation, click Sort left to right, and then click OK.
5. Under Column, in the Sort by box, select the row that you want to sort.
6. Do one of the following:

By value    

1. Under Sort On, select Values.
2. Under Order, do one of the following:
• For text values, select A to Z or Z to A.
• For number values, select Smallest to Largest or Largest to Smallest.
• For date or time values, select Oldest to Newest or Newest to Oldest.

By cell color, font color, or cell icon    

1. Under Sort On, select Cell Color, Font Color, or Cell Icon.
2. Click the arrow next to the button, and then select a cell color, font color, or cell icon.
3. Under Order, select On Left or On Right.

7. To reapply a sort after you change the data, click a cell in the range or table, and then on the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Reapply.

 Note    When you sort rows that are part of a worksheet outline, Excel sorts the highest-level groups (level 1) so that the detail rows or columns stay together, even if the detail rows or columns are hidden.

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Sort by more than column or row

You might sort by more than one column or row when you have data that you want to group by the same value in one column or row, and then sort another column or row within that group of equal values. For example, if you have a Department and Employee column, you can first sort by Department (to group all the employees in the same department together), and then sort by name (to put the names in alphabetical order within each department). You can sort by up to 64 columns.
 Note   For best results, the range of cells that you sort should have column headings.

1. Select a range of cells with two or more columns of data, or make sure that the active cell is in a table with two or more columns.
2. On the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Sort.

The Sort dialog box is displayed.

3. Under Column, in the Sort by box, select the first column that you want to sort.
4. Under Sort On, select the type of sort. Do one of the following:
• To sort by text, number, or date and time, select Values.
• To sort by format, select Cell Color, Font Color, or Cell Icon.
5. Under Order, select how you want to sort. Do one of the following:
• For text values, select A to Z or Z to A.
• For number values, select Smallest to Largest or Largest to Smallest.
• For date or time values, select Oldest to Newest or Newest to Oldest.
• To sort based on a custom list, select Custom List.
6. To add another column to sort by, click Add Level, and then repeat steps three through five.
7. To copy a column to sort by, select the entry, and then click Copy Level.
8. To delete a column to sort by, select the entry, and then click Delete Level.

 Note   You must keep at least one entry in the list.

9. To change the order in which the columns are sorted, select an entry, and then click the Up or Down arrow to change the order.

Entries higher in the list are sorted before entries lower in the list.

10. To reapply a sort after you change the data, click a cell in the range or table, and then on the Data tab, in the Sort & Filter group, click Reapply.

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Sort by a partial value in a column

Sorting is based on the entire value in a column. If you want to sort by part of a value in a column, such as a part number code (789-WDG-34), last name (Carol Philips), or first name (Philips, Carol), you first need to split the column into two or more columns so that the value you want to sort by is in its own column. To do this, you can use functions or the Convert Text to Columns Wizard.
For examples and more information, see Split names by using the Convert Text to Columns Wizard and Split text among columns by using functions.
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Sort one column in a range of cells without affecting the others

 Warning    Be careful when using this feature. Sorting by one column in a range may produce results that you don't want, such as moving cells in that column away from other cells in the same row.
 Note   You cannot do the following procedure in a table.

1. Select a column in a range of cells containing two or more columns.
2. To select the column that you want to sort, click the column heading.
3. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Sort & Filter, and then click one of the available sort commands.
4. The Sort Warning dialog box is displayed.
5. Select Continue with the current selection.
6. Click Sort.
7. Select any other sort options that you want in the Sort dialog box, and then click OK.

If the results are not what you want, click Undo .
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Learn more about general issues with sorting

If you get unexpected results when sorting your data, do the following:
Check to see if the values returned by a formula have changed     If the data that you have sorted contains one or more formulas, the return values of those formulas can change when the worksheet is recalculated. In this case, make sure that you reapply the sort or do the sort again to get up-to-date results.
Unhide rows and columns before you sort     Hidden columns are not moved when you sort columns, and hidden rows are not moved when you sort rows. Before you sort data, it's a good idea to unhide the hidden columns and rows.
Check the locale setting     Sort orders vary by locale setting. Make sure that you have the proper locale setting in Regional Settings or Regional and Language Options in Control Panel on your computer. For information about changing the locale setting, see the Windows help system.
Enter column headings in only one row     If you need multiple line labels, wrap the text within the cell.
Turn on or off the heading row    It's usually best to have a heading row when you sort a column to make it easier to understand the meaning of the data. By default, the value in the heading is not included in the sort operation. Occasionally, you may need to turn on or off the heading so that the value in the heading is or is not included in the sort operation. Do one of the following:

• To exclude the first row of data from the sort because it is a column heading, on the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Sort & Filter, click Custom Sort, and then select My data has headers.
• To include the first row of data in the sort because it is not a column heading, on the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Sort & Filter, click Custom Sort, and then clear My data has headers.